奈米金屬抗菌技術的比較
Comparison of Nano Metal Antibacterial Technologies
使用功能性奈米金屬，做為更有效的抗菌材料
Using functional Nano metal as a more effective antibacterial material.
奈米金屬抗菌，一直主導著抗菌領域的材料研發方向。傳統的抗菌方法，在製作奈米金屬上，傾向使用氣相沉積法、溶膠凝膠法、水熱合成法、沉澱法與氧化還原法等。最新的製作技術上，則是趨向於使用奈米金屬濺鍍的方式去執行。無論是哪種方法所產生的奈米金屬粒子，其優點在於這些粒子在材料表面的高比例面積分布，使得奈米金屬的抗菌效益得以有效的發揮。
Nano metal antibacterial materials have always been leading the research and development direction of antibacterial materials. Traditional antibacterial methods tend to use vapor deposition, sol-gel process, hydrothermal synthesis, precipitation and redox methods in the production of Nano metals. The latest production technique tends to sputter using Nano metals. Regardless of whichever method is used, the advantage of the metal particles is that these particles are distributed in a high proportion on the surface of the material, so that the antibacterial results of the Nano metal can be effectively exerted.
抗菌奈米金屬粒子，主要包括了奈米銀以及氧化鋅兩種。傳統的方式，都必須在溶液的狀態下產生離子態的金屬粒子，來殺死細菌。帶正電荷的奈米銀離子，可以藉由其與帶負電細胞膜表面的靜電電位差作用力，破壞細菌的細胞膜，並且進一步與細菌細胞蛋白質上的琉醇基結合，使細菌蛋白質變性，以致於無法繁殖甚至代謝與存活。氧化鋅則是運用鋅離子與周遭氧分子，產生高度的活性氧，同時引發活性自由基的生成，而破壞細菌的遺傳物質與蛋白質，也因此破壞了細菌的外層結構，達到抗菌的功效。
Antibacterial metal particles mainly include Nano silver and zinc oxide. In the traditional way, ionic metal particles must be produced in the state of solution to kill bacteria. The cation Nano silver ions can destroy the bacterial cell membrane by using the electric potential difference from the anion cell membrane on surface, and further combine with the thiol group on the bacterial cell protein to denature the bacterial protein so that it cannot reproduce, even metabolism or survive. However, zinc oxide uses the zinc ions and the surrounding oxygen molecules to produce high levels of active oxygen, and trigger the generation of free radicals, which destroy the genetic material and proteins of bacteria, thereby destroying the surface of bacteria and achieve antibacterial effects.
使用奈米銀離子或是鋅離子去做抗菌，除了每次抗菌會析出大量的離子金屬粒子，造成效能的損失之外，同時析出的金屬化合物，也對人體具有一定的毒性，僅適用於醫療上的傷口外敷消毒與殺菌，或是使用在各種抗菌紡織用品之中。
Using Nano silver ions or zinc ions as antibacterial, in addition to the precipitation of a large amount of ionic metal particles each time, which lowers the effectiveness, the metal compounds that precipitated at the same time are also toxic to human body. So that it’s only suitable for medical treatment, such as disinfecting and sterilizing wounds, or uses in various antibacterial textile products.
當我們使用奈米金屬粒子殺菌時，這些析出的奈米金屬離子顆粒小至可以輕易地進入細胞，人體細胞無法代謝掉這些粒子，久而久之就會對細胞產生影響。同時，我們得思考，這些奈米金屬離子顆粒與體內蛋白質與DNA發生作用，而改變了人類DNA中的遺傳訊號。奈米科技如同是一種基因工程與改造，短時間無法發現其害處，長時間的廣泛使用，將會對環境與生物的演化產生負面的影響。
When we use Nano metal particles for sterilization, these precipitated metal ion particles are so small that they can easily enter cells, and human cells cannot metabolize these particles, which will affect the cells over time. At the same time, we have to think that these metal ion particles interact with proteins and DNA in our bodies, and change the genetic signals in human DNA. Nanotechnology is like a kind of genetic engineering and modification, its harmfulness cannot be found in a short time, but its long-term extensive usage will have a negative impact on the environment and biological evolution.
基於以上的思考，使用銀銅鈦濺鍍去避免掉金屬離子的析出，進而將細菌與病毒在體外去除，並且讓殺菌用品表面沒有金屬粒子的析出，也因此避免了金屬離子進入人體，影響人體遺傳訊號，產生無可預知的負面影響。看似微不足道的離子與原子抗菌與抗病毒科技上的差異，對於環境與人類的長遠影響，是絕對的天差地遠的。
Based on the thoughts above, ACT (silver, copper, titanium) sputtering technology is used to avoid the precipitation of metal ions, thereby removing bacteria and viruses from outside the body, and inhibit the precipitation of metal particles on the surface of sterilization products, thus avoiding metal ions from entering human body to effect the genetic signals, which may cause unpredictable negative effects. The differences of antibacterial and antiviral technologies between ions and atoms might not be significant, but will for sure have a huge long-term impact on the environment and humans.
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